According to the American Academy of Periodontology, smokers are up to 6 times more likely to develop periodontal disease. Cigarette smoke impairs the immune system’s ability to fight oral bacteria. Smokers also tend to have increased plaque levels, further complicating their disease. Some studies show that smokers do not heal as well as non-smokers after oral surgery. Part of the periodontal treatment plan is discussing smoking cessation strategies and working together to try to achieve a healthy, smoke-free status.